Class 12 Political Science - HARYANA
Politics of Planned Development
The chapter 'Politics of Planned Development' in Class 12 Political Science explores India's post-independence journey toward economic growth and social justice. It covers the crucial debate between the socialist-leaning state-led planning model and the free-market approach, highlighting the establishment of the Planning Commission and the formulation of the First Five Year Plans. Students will learn about the strategic focus on agriculture versus industry, particularly the controversies surrounding the Second Five Year Plan and the Green Revolution. This chapter is vital for Haryana Board (BSEH) exams as it builds the foundational understanding of India's mixed economy and state policies.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Planning Commission
A body established in March 1950 by the Government of India to formulate and execute India's Five-Year Plans for economic development.
Bombay Plan
A 1944 proposal by a section of India's leading industrialists outlining a joint plan for post-war economic development favoring state intervention.
First Five Year Plan
Launched in 1951 and primarily focused on agrarian development, irrigation, and dam projects like the Bhakra Nangal to pull the rural economy out of poverty.
Second Five Year Plan
Introduced in 1956 with a heavy emphasis on rapid industrialization, spearheaded by economist P.C. Mahalanobis, prioritizing heavy industries.
Green Revolution
An agricultural strategy initiated in the late 1960s introducing High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation, which significantly boosted food grain production, especially in states like Haryana and Punjab.
White Revolution
The massive increase in milk production in India, spearheaded by Verghese Kurien through the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (AMUL).
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Haryana Board (BSEH) Class 12 Political Science paper, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions commonly include Very Short Answer (VSA) questions, objective MCQs on Five Year Plans, and 3 to 5-mark subjective questions regarding the conflict between agriculture and industry or the impacts of the Green Revolution.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the main difference between the First and Second Five Year Plans?
The First Five Year Plan focused heavily on agriculture, irrigation, and land reforms to solve food shortages, whereas the Second Five Year Plan prioritized rapid industrialization and heavy industries.
Who was P.C. Mahalanobis and what was his contribution?
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis was a noted Indian statistician and founder of the Indian Statistical Institute who played a key role in shaping the industrialization strategy of India's Second Five Year Plan.
What are the positive and negative impacts of the Green Revolution?
Positively, it made India self-sufficient in food grain production. Negatively, it widened the gap between rich and poor farmers and was geographically limited to certain regions like Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh.
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