Class 12 Political Science - HARYANA
Security in the Contemporary World
The chapter 'Security in the Contemporary World' explores the meaning of security beyond just military threats. For Class 12 Haryana Board (BSEH) students, it covers the traditional notions of security (deterrence, defense, balance of power) and non-traditional notions (human security, global poverty, pandemics, and terrorism). It highlights how cooperation among nations is crucial to tackling modern challenges like climate change and international crime. Understanding these concepts is vital for scoring high in board exams as questions frequently test the difference between traditional and non-traditional security threats, as well as India's security strategy.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Traditional Notion of Security
Refers to threats to a country's security from military action by other nations, focusing on deterrence, defense, and the balance of power.
Non-Traditional Notion of Security
Expands the agenda of security beyond military threats to include human security, global poverty, health pandemics like HIV-AIDS, and environmental degradation.
Human Security
Protects people rather than just countries from threats such as famine, disease, natural disasters, and internal violence.
Global Poverty
A major non-traditional security threat where poverty in the South creates massive migration pressures and fuels conflicts.
Confidence Building Measures (CBMs)
A process in traditional security where countries share information and ideas with rivals to avoid misunderstandings and accidental wars.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Haryana Board (BSEH) Class 12 Political Science exam, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Common question types include Very Short Answer (1 mark), Short Answer (2-4 marks) differentiating between traditional and non-traditional security, and Essay-type questions (5 marks) explaining India's security strategy or global security threats.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between traditional and non-traditional security?
Traditional security deals mainly with military threats and state sovereignty, whereas non-traditional security deals with broader threats affecting human existence like poverty, pandemics, terrorism, and environmental degradation.
Why is cooperation necessary for non-traditional security?
Non-traditional threats like global warming, pandemics, and international terrorism do not respect national borders and cannot be solved by a single country alone, requiring global cooperation.
What are the components of India's security strategy?
India's strategy includes strengthening its military capabilities, defending its borders, solving international conflicts through UN-backed cooperative frameworks, and tackling internal security challenges like poverty and insurgencies.
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