Class 12 Political Science - HARYANA
International Organisations
The chapter 'International Organisations' in Class 12 Political Science explores the evolution, structure, and functioning of global bodies like the United Nations and its specialized agencies in the post-Cold War era. It critically examines the necessity of international organizations in maintaining global peace, facilitating cooperation, and addressing transnational challenges like poverty, disease, and environmental degradation. Students will analyze the dominance of major powers in these institutions and the urgent need for reforms, particularly in the UN Security Council, to make them more representative and effective. This chapter is vital for board exams as it tests analytical understanding of global governance and multilateralism.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
United Nations (UN)
Established in 1945 after the Second World War as a successor to the League of Nations, aiming to prevent international conflict and promote global cooperation.
UN Security Council Structure
Comprises 15 members in total, including 5 permanent members (US, UK, France, Russia, China) with veto power and 10 non-permanent members elected for two-year terms.
Veto Power
The negative vote exercised exclusively by the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, which can block any substantive resolution.
Amnesty International
An influential international Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) that campaigns globally for the protection of human rights.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
An autonomous UN agency established in 1957 to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and prevent its use for military purposes.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Haryana (BSEH) Class 12 Political Science board examination, this chapter typically carries around 6-8 marks. Questions usually include very short answer questions (1 mark), short answer questions (2-4 marks), and essay-type questions (5 marks) focusing on UN reforms, the role of the Security Council, and the functions of agencies like the IAEA and Amnesty International.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do we need international organizations like the UN?
They provide a global platform for countries to resolve disputes peacefully, manage crises, and cooperate on global issues like poverty, pandemics, and environmental degradation.
What are the criteria proposed for new permanent members of the UN Security Council?
Key criteria include being a major economic power, a major military power, a substantial contributor to the UN budget, a population giant, and a nation that respects democracy and human rights.
What is the role of the veto power in the UN Security Council?
The veto power allows any of the five permanent members to single-handedly block a Security Council resolution, ensuring that the UN cannot take enforcement action against the vital interests of a superpower.
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