Class 12 Political Science - BIHAR
Politics of Planned Development
The chapter 'Politics of Planned Development' explores India's post-independence journey toward economic development through central planning. It covers the crucial debate between the socialist-inspired state-led model and the capitalist approach, the establishment of the Planning Commission in 1950, and the formulation of Five-Year Plans. Students will learn about the Bombay Plan, the significance of the First and Second Five-Year Plans—especially the shift toward rapid industrialization and heavy industries—and the Green Revolution in agriculture. This chapter holds significant weight in Bihar Board (BSEB) exams for understanding India's early nation-building challenges.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Planning Commission
A body set up by the Government of India in March 1950 to draft and implement the country's Five-Year Plans for social and economic development.
Bombay Plan
A joint proposal formulated by a section of big industrialists in 1944 for a ₹10,000 crore economic plan that advocated for heavy state intervention in India's post-independence economy.
First Five-Year Plan
Launched in 1951, this plan focused heavily on the agricultural sector, including dam construction like the Bhakra Nangal, to pull the country out of agrarian crisis.
Second Five-Year Plan
Launched in 1956 and drafted by P.C. Mahalanobis, this plan shifted focus to rapid industrialization and development of heavy industries.
Green Revolution
An agricultural strategy introduced in the late 1960s involving high-yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation to make India self-sufficient in food grain production.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Bihar Board (BSEB) Class 12 Political Science exams, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions frequently include objective (MCQ) questions about the Five-Year Plans, short-answer questions on the Bombay Plan or Green Revolution, and long-answer essay questions comparing the agricultural versus industrial development models.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between the First and Second Five-Year Plans?
The First Five-Year Plan (1951-56) focused primarily on agriculture and irrigation to tackle the food shortage, whereas the Second Five-Year Plan (1956-61) focused on rapid industrialization and heavy industries.
Who was P.C. Mahalanobis and what was his contribution?
P.C. Mahalanobis was a noted statistician and founder of the Indian Statistical Institute who played a vital role in drafting the Second Five-Year Plan, emphasizing heavy industries.
What body replaced the Planning Commission and when?
The Planning Commission was replaced by NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) on January 1, 2015.
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