Class 8 Hindi Grammar - ICSE
Upsarg aur Pratyay: Sampoorn
Adhyay 'Upsarg aur Pratyay: Sampoorn' Class 8 ICSE Hindi Vyakaran ka ek atyant mahatvapurna hissa hai. Isme hum shabdo ki rachna ke un mool tariko ko seekhte hain jahan mool shabd ke aage ya peechhe naye shabd jode jaate hain. Upsarg shabd ke shuruat mein lagkar uska arth badalte hain, jabki Pratyay shabd ke ant mein judte hain. ICSE board exams mein is adhyay se lagbhag 4-5 marks ke prashan pooche jaate hain, jisme mool shabd se upsarg/pratyay alag karna ya naye shabd banana shaamil hota hai.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Upsarg (Prefix)
Ve shabdaansh jo kisi mool shabd ke aage judkar naye arth wale shabd ka nirman karte hain, unhe Upsarg kehte hain jaise 'pra' + 'haar' = 'prahaar'.
Pratyay (Suffix)
Ve shabdaansh jo kisi mool shabd ke ant mein judkar naye shabd ya vishesharth banate hain, unhe Pratyay kehte hain jaise 'vidya' + 'arthi' = 'vidyarthi'.
Krit Pratyay
Jo pratyay kriya (verb) ke mool roop yani dhatu ke sath lagte hain, unhe Krit Pratyay kehte hain jaise likh + ai = likhai.
Taddhit Pratyay
Jo pratyay sangya, sarvanam ya visheshan ke ant mein lagakar naye shabd banate hain, unhe Taddhit Pratyay kehte hain jaise apna + pan = apnapan.
Mool Shabd ki Pehchan
Upsarg ya Pratyay alag karte samay yeh dhyan rakhna zaroori hai ki bacha hua shabd ek sarthak (meaningful) mool shabd hona chahiye.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
ICSE Class 8 Hindi Vyakaran exam mein yeh chapter aamtaur par 4 se 5 marks ka weightage rakhta hai. Common question types mein diye gaye shabdon se upsarg/pratyay alag karna, mool shabd pahchanna, aur upsarg/pratyay ka prayog karke naye shabd banana shaamil hain.
Frequently Asked Questions
Kya ek hi shabd mein Upsarg aur Pratyay dono ka ek sath prayog ho sakta hai?
Haan, kai shabdon mein upsarg aur pratyay dono ek sath lagte hain, jaise 'a' (upsarg) + 'safaal' (mool shabd) + 'ta' (pratyay) = Asafalta.
Upsarg aur Pratyay mein mukhya antar kya hai?
Upsarg mool shabd ke aage (peechhe nahi) judta hai, jabki Pratyay hamesha mool shabd ke ant (peechhe) mein judta hai.
Pareeksha mein mool shabd aur pratyay ko kaise alag karein taaki marks na katein?
Hamesha yeh check karein ki pratyay hatane ke baad jo shabd bacha hai, uska koi sarthak arth nikal raha hai ya nahi. Jaise 'padhai' mein 'padh' dhatu hai aur 'ai' pratyay hai.
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