Class 12 Political Science - KERALA
International Organisations
The chapter 'International Organisations' in Class 12 Political Science (Kerala SCERT) explores the evolution, necessity, and functioning of global bodies in maintaining international peace and cooperation. It focuses primarily on the United Nations (UN), its principal organs, specialized agencies, and the need for its reform to reflect contemporary geopolitical realities. Students also examine the role of other significant international organizations like the WTO, IMF, World Bank, and non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International. This chapter is vital for board exams as it tests conceptual understanding of multilateralism and global governance.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
United Nations (UN)
Established in 1945 after the Second World War as a successor to the League of Nations to prevent future global conflicts and promote international cooperation.
Veto Power
The special voting power held by the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (US, Russia, UK, France, and China) to block any substantive resolution.
Amnesty International
An influential international NGO that campaigns globally for the protection of human rights and exposes human rights abuses.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
A UN agency established in 1957 that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and prevent its use for military purposes.
UNICEF
A specialized agency of the UN responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Kerala (SCERT) Class 12 Political Science board examination, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include objective-type questions, short answers on UN organs, and essay-type questions regarding the reform of the UN Security Council.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the reform of the UN Security Council considered necessary?
The current structure reflects the post-WWII power balance of 1945. Reform is needed to give adequate representation to developing nations from Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
What is the difference between the UN General Assembly and the Security Council?
The General Assembly is a deliberative body where all member states have one vote, whereas the Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security with binding resolutions and five permanent members holding veto power.
What are the main functions of the World Bank and the IMF?
The World Bank focuses on long-term economic development and poverty reduction, while the IMF oversees the international monetary system and provides short-term financial assistance to countries facing balance of payment crises.
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