Class 9 Social Science - WEST-BENGAL
Working of Institutions
The chapter 'Working of Institutions' in WBBSE Class 9 Political Science explores how the government of India functions to run the country. It details the roles and responsibilities of the three major political institutions: the Legislature (Parliament), the Executive (Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, and bureaucracy), and the Judiciary (Supreme Court and High Courts). Students will learn how major policy decisions are made, implemented, and disputes are resolved. This chapter is vital for board exams as it forms the foundation of democratic governance, helping students understand citizen rights and governmental accountability through important short and long answer questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Parliament
The supreme law-making body of India, consisting of the President and two houses: Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
Political Executive
The elected leaders like the Prime Minister and ministers who hold supreme power and take major policy decisions representing the people.
Permanent Executive
Civil servants and bureaucrats who remain in office even when governments change, responsible for day-to-day administration and implementing policies.
Judiciary
An independent body of courts including the Supreme Court and High Courts that interprets laws, settles disputes, and protects the Constitution.
Coalition Government
A government formed by an alliance of two or more political parties when no single party gets a clear majority in the elections.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) Class 9 exams, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 10 marks. Common question types include short-answer questions about the powers of the Prime Minister or President, differences between political and permanent executives, and descriptive questions on the need for political institutions in a democracy.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do we need political institutions?
Institutions are needed to run a country smoothly, ensure consultations on major decisions, check the misuse of power, and provide a way for open discussions in a democracy.
What is the difference between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha?
Lok Sabha is directly elected by the people and is more powerful in financial matters, while Rajya Sabha is indirectly elected and represents the interests of the states in the Indian Union.
Who is more powerful: the Prime Minister or the President?
Though the President is the formal and nominal head of the state, the Prime Minister holds the real executive power and makes all major governmental decisions with the Cabinet.
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