Class 9 Social Science - KERALA
Poverty as a Challenge
The chapter Poverty as a Challenge in Class 9 Social Science (Kerala SCERT) explores poverty as one of the most difficult challenges faced by independent India. It discusses how poverty is viewed through social science lenses, covering concepts like poverty line, vulnerable groups, and inter-state disparities. You will learn about the major causes of poverty and the various poverty alleviation programmes implemented by the government. Understanding this chapter is crucial for your exams as it connects economic growth with social justice, frequently appearing in both objective and descriptive board questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Poverty
A situation in which a person is unable to get the minimum basic necessities of life like food, clothing, and shelter for survival.
Poverty Line
A method used to measure poverty based on the income or consumption level, below which a family is considered poor.
Vulnerable Groups
Social groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and economic groups like rural agricultural labourers and urban casual labourers who are more prone to poverty.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes
Various schemes and policies introduced by the government, such as MGNREGA, to reduce poverty and create employment opportunities.
Chronic Poor and Transient Poor
Chronic poor include those who are always poor and usually poor, while transient poor are those who move in and out of poverty (like churners).
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
This chapter typically carries around 5 to 8 marks in the Kerala SCERT Class 9 Social Science examinations. Common question types include short notes on poverty alleviation programmes, differences between rural and urban poverty, and analytical questions on vulnerable groups.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between rural and urban poverty calorie requirements?
Rural areas require 2400 calories per person per day because people are engaged in more physical labour, whereas urban areas require 2100 calories.
What is MGNREGA?
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act guarantees 100 days of wage employment to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
Who are the poorest of the poor?
Women, elderly people, and female infants are systematically denied equal access to resources available to the family, making them the poorest of the poor.
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