Class 9 Social Science - HARYANA
Climate
The chapter 'Climate' in Class 9 Social Science explores the atmospheric conditions of India over a long period. Students learn the difference between weather and climate, the various factors affecting India's climate like the Coriolis force and pressure belts, and the mechanism of the monsoon. It covers the onset and withdrawal of the monsoon, the seasons in India (cold weather, hot weather, advancing monsoon, and retreating monsoon), and how rainfall is distributed unevenly across the country. Understanding this chapter is crucial for BSEH board exams as it carries significant weight in geography and frequently features map-work and descriptive questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Weather vs. Climate
Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point in time, while climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of more than thirty years.
Monsoon
Monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal in the wind direction during a year, bringing seasonal rainfall to the Indian subcontinent.
Coriolis Force
An apparent force caused by the earth's rotation that deflects winds to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere, also known as Ferrel's Law.
Jet Stream
A narrow belt of high-altitude winds in the troposphere revolving around the globe at speeds varying from 110 km/h in summer to 184 km/h in winter.
El Nino
A warm ocean current that temporarily replaces the cold Peruvian current off the coast of Peru, leading to a warm water-surface and a temporary increase in sea surface temperature that affects the Indian monsoon.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Haryana Board (BSEH) Class 9 Social Science exam, the chapter 'Climate' typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions frequently include 1-mark objective questions, short-answer questions defining key terms like Jet Streams or the Coriolis Force, and long-answer questions explaining the mechanism of the Indian monsoon or its distribution of rainfall.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather changes day to day and can vary rapidly, whereas climate is the average weather pattern of a place calculated over a long period of at least 30 years.
Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
India's climate is strongly influenced by monsoon winds because of its tropical location, the presence of the Himalayas blocking cold central Asian winds, and the differential heating of land and water.
What is the 'Break' in the monsoon?
The monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time and are interspersed with rainless intervals. These wet and dry spells are known as 'breaks' in the monsoon.
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