Class 8 Social Science - ICSE-HISTORY-CIVICS
The Indian National Movement (1935-47)
The chapter 'The Indian National Movement (1935-47)' covers the final and most crucial phase of India's freedom struggle. It explores key historical milestones including the Government of India Act of 1935, the Second World War and India's forced participation, the Cripps Mission, the Quit India Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 with the famous slogan 'Do or Die', the role of Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA), and finally the Cabinet Mission and Mountbatten Plan leading to India's independence and partition in 1947. This chapter is vital for ICSE board exams as it carries high weightage in structural and chronological questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Government of India Act 1935
An act passed by the British Parliament that provided for the establishment of an All-India Federation and provincial autonomy, laying the groundwork for future governance.
Quit India Movement (1942)
A mass civil disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee, demanding an immediate end to British rule in India.
Indian National Army (INA)
An armed force formed by Indian nationalists in Southeast Asia during World War II with Japanese help, later led by Subhash Chandra Bose to free India from British control.
Cabinet Mission (1946)
A high-powered mission sent by the British government to discuss and plan for the transfer of power from British to Indian leadership.
Mountbatten Plan (1947)
The plan proposed by Lord Mountbatten that outlined the procedure for the transfer of power and the partition of British India into two independent dominions: India and Pakistan.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In ICSE History & Civics Class 8 examinations, this chapter typically carries about 8 to 12 marks. Questions frequently include short-answer questions on dates and personalities, multiple-choice questions, and structured/picture-study questions based on Mahatma Gandhi, Subhash Chandra Bose, or the Mountbatten Plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the main slogan of the Quit India Movement?
The main slogan was 'Do or Die' (Karenge ya Marenge), given by Mahatma Gandhi to inspire Indians to fight for complete freedom.
What was the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in the freedom struggle?
Subhash Chandra Bose reorganized the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) and gave the inspiring slogans 'Delhi Chalo' and 'Jai Hind', motivating thousands to fight the British militarily.
Why was the Cabinet Mission sent to India?
The Cabinet Mission was sent in 1946 by the British Prime Minister Clement Attlee to find a peaceful solution for the transfer of power and help set up an Indian Constitution-making body.
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