Class 12 Psychology - ODISHA
Therapeutic Approaches
The chapter 'Therapeutic Approaches' in Class 12 Psychology explores how psychological disorders are treated using various psychotherapeutic methods. Students learn about the therapeutic relationship between the client and the therapist, and major approaches such as psychodynamic, humanistic-existential, behavioral, and cognitive therapies. We also examine alternative therapies like biomedical approaches and yoga. This chapter is highly scoring and extremely important for the Odisha BSE board exams, often featuring direct conceptual questions, case-based scenarios, and comparative analysis of different therapeutic techniques that test both memory and applied understanding.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Psychotherapy
A voluntary relationship between a trained professional and a person in distress, aimed at removing psychological problems, modifying behavior, and promoting positive growth.
Transference
A psychodynamic concept where the client unconsciously shifts feelings and desires associated with significant figures from their past onto the therapist.
Systematic Desensitization
A behavior therapy technique developed by Joseph Wolpe based on reciprocal inhibition, used to reduce phobias by pairing anxiety-provoking stimuli with deep relaxation.
Cognitive Restructuring
A core technique in cognitive therapies (like Aaron Beck's CBT) aimed at identifying and replacing irrational, negative core beliefs with more realistic and adaptive thoughts.
Client-Centred Therapy
A humanistic approach developed by Carl Rogers that provides a warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental environment to help clients realize their true potential.
Biomedical Therapy
Medical treatments for psychological disorders, including psychotropic medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), administered by psychiatrists.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Odisha (BSE) Class 12 Psychology board examination, this chapter typically carries around 8 to 12 marks. Questions frequently appear as 1-mark multiple-choice questions, 2-mark short notes (e.g., definitions of transference or token economy), 3-mark conceptual differences (e.g., difference between psychodynamic and behavioral therapy), and occasionally a 4 or 5-mark long-answer question requiring a detailed explanation of a specific therapeutic approach or its techniques.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist?
A psychologist holds a master's or doctoral degree in psychology and provides psychotherapy, while a psychiatrist holds a medical degree (MBBS with a specialization in psychiatry) and can prescribe medications as well as provide medical treatments.
Are biomedical therapies used alone or alongside psychotherapy?
Biomedical therapies, such as medications, are often used in combination with psychotherapy for severe disorders to provide quicker symptom relief while psychotherapy addresses underlying emotional and behavioral patterns.
What is meant by 'unconditional positive regard' in client-centred therapy?
It refers to the therapist's complete acceptance and support of the client, regardless of what the client says or does, creating a safe space without fear of judgment.
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