Class 11 Political Science - TAMILNADU
Federalism
The chapter 'Federalism' in Class 11 Political Science under the Tamil Nadu Samacheer Kalvi syllabus explores the structural division of power between the central government and regional governments. Students will examine the defining features of a federal system, contrasting it with a unitary system. The chapter highlights the Indian model of federalism, often described as 'quasi-federal,' detailing how the Constitution distributes legislative, executive, and financial powers. It also covers the role of the judiciary, Governor's office, and cooperative versus competitive federalism. Understanding this chapter is crucial for board exams as it forms the bedrock of Indian polity.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Federalism
A system of government where power is divided between a central national government and various constituent regional governments, ensuring both levels have independent spheres of authority.
Unitary System
A system of government where all power is concentrated in the hands of a central authority, and regional governments, if they exist, are subordinate to the center.
Division of Powers
The constitutional allocation of legislative, administrative, and financial responsibilities usually categorized into Union List, State List, and Concurrent List as seen in the Indian Constitution.
Quasi-Federal
A term used by K.C. Wheare to describe India's constitution, which is federal in structure but possesses strong unitary features, especially during emergencies.
Cooperative Federalism
A concept where the center and states work together harmoniously to solve common national problems, promoting mutual trust and interdependence.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Tamil Nadu (Samacheer Kalvi) Class 11 Political Science board exams, this chapter typically carries around 8 to 12 marks. Common question types include 1-mark objective questions, 2-mark short answers on federal features, 3-mark questions on the difference between federal and unitary systems, and 5-mark essay questions explaining the unique nature of Indian federalism.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is Indian federalism called 'quasi-federal'?
It is called quasi-federal because while it has a dual government, a written constitution, and division of powers like a true federation, it also contains strong unitary biases like a single constitution, single citizenship, an integrated judiciary, and the office of the Governor appointed by the Centre.
What are the three lists under the division of powers?
The three lists are the Union List (subjects of national importance like defense), the State List (subjects of regional importance like police), and the Concurrent List (subjects of common interest like education).
How does Indian federalism differ from American federalism?
American federalism is 'coming together' federalism where independent states formed a federation by mutual agreement. In contrast, Indian federalism is 'holding together' federalism where a large country divided its power into states for administrative convenience, giving more power to the central government.
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