Class 11 Political Science - PUNJAB
Constitution as a Living Document
The chapter 'Constitution as a Living Document' in Class 11 Political Science explores how the Indian Constitution is not a static text, but a dynamic instrument that adapts to changing times. For Punjab (PSEB) board exams, students must understand the procedures of constitutional amendments under Article 368, the balance between rigidity and flexibility, and key amendments like the 42nd and 44th. It highlights why our Constitution remains relevant today by accommodating social transformations, judicial interpretations, and the evolving needs of Indian democracy through established amendment processes.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Living Document
A Constitution that is flexible enough to adapt, grow, and respond to the changing needs and aspirations of society over time.
Article 368
The specific article in the Indian Constitution that outlines the procedure and powers of the Parliament to amend the Constitution.
Basic Structure Doctrine
A landmark judicial principle established in the Kesavananda Bharati case stating that Parliament cannot alter the fundamental framework of the Constitution.
Special Majority
A voting requirement for constitutional amendments where a bill must be approved by a two-thirds majority of members present and voting.
Judicial Review
The power of the judiciary to examine laws and constitutional amendments to ensure they do not violate the basic structure of the Constitution.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Punjab (PSEB) Class 11 Political Science board exams, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include very short answer type questions, short notes on Article 368 or the Basic Structure Doctrine, and sometimes a long-answer question explaining the amendment procedures.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the Indian Constitution called a living document?
It is called a living document because it can be amended through Article 368 to meet changing societal needs, just like a living organism adapts to its environment.
What is the Basic Structure Doctrine and when was it established?
It was established by the Supreme Court in the famous Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), ruling that Parliament cannot change the core fundamental features of the Constitution.
Can all parts of the Constitution be amended?
No, while most parts can be amended using the procedures in Article 368, changes cannot violate the 'Basic Structure' of the Constitution as ruled by the judiciary.
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