Class 10 Social Science - PUNJAB
Political Science: Federalism
This chapter explores federalism, a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units like states or provinces. For Class 10 Punjab (PSEB) students, understanding federalism is crucial to grasping how the Constitution of India divides powers between the Union Government and state governments like Punjab. The chapter examines key features of federalism, the division of legislative powers through Union, State, and Concurrent Lists, the linguistic reorganization of Indian states, Centre-State relations, and the role of decentralization in strengthening grassroots democracy, all of which are frequently tested in board exams.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Federalism
A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country, ensuring dual levels of governance.
Union List
Includes subjects of national importance such as defense, foreign affairs, and banking, on which only the Central Government can make laws.
State List
Contains subjects of state and local importance like police, trade, agriculture, and irrigation, on which state governments have the exclusive power to legislate.
Concurrent List
Includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and State Governments, such as education, forests, and marriage, where both can make laws.
Decentralization
When power is taken away from Central and State governments and given to local government bodies, establishing the third tier of democracy through the 73rd and 74th Amendments.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Punjab School Education Board (PSEB) Class 10 Social Science examinations, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions often include very short answer type questions (1 mark), short answer type questions (3 marks), and occasionally long answer questions (5 marks) focusing on the features of federalism or the distribution of powers.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between a unitary system and a federal system?
In a unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. In a federal system, power is divided between the central government and state governments, and neither is subordinate to the other.
Which government has the power to make laws on subjects in the Residuary List?
According to the Indian Constitution, the Union Government has the power to legislate on subjects that do not fall under any of the three lists, known as residuary subjects.
Why was the linguistic reorganization of Indian states important?
It was important because drawing boundaries of states on the basis of language ensured that people who spoke the same language lived in the same state, making the country more united and administration easier.
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