Class 10 Social Science - KERALA
Political Science: Power-sharing
The chapter 'Power-sharing' in Class 10 Political Science (SCERT Kerala) explores how democracies manage diversity and resolve conflicts through the distribution of political power. It uses the real-world case studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka to contrast the benefits of accommodation with the dangers of majoritarianism. Students will learn why power-sharing is desirable both prudentially, as a means to reduce social conflict, and morally, as the very spirit of democracy. This chapter is vital for board exams as it forms the foundational base for understanding federalism and democratic politics.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Majoritarianism
A belief that a majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes and needs of the minority.
Prudential Reason for Power-sharing
The argument that power-sharing is good because it helps to reduce the possibility of violent conflict between social groups and ensures political stability.
Moral Reason for Power-sharing
The argument that power-sharing is valuable in itself because it is the true spirit of democracy, where citizens have a stake in governance.
Community Government
A unique system of power-sharing in Belgium elected by people belonging to one language community—Dutch, French, and German—regardless of where they live, dealing with cultural and educational issues.
Horizontal Distribution of Power
Power shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive, and judiciary, practicing a system of checks and balances.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Kerala SCERT Class 10 Social Science examinations, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions usually include objective-type questions, short answers comparing Belgium and Sri Lanka, and essay-type questions explaining the forms and reasons for power-sharing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why was majoritarianism a failure in Sri Lanka?
Majoritarianism alienated the minority Tamils, led to distrust, protests, and eventually culminated in a devastating civil war.
What is the difference between horizontal and vertical power-sharing?
Horizontal power-sharing is among different organs of government at the same level (like legislature and executive), while vertical power-sharing is among governments at different levels (like central, state, and local).
Why is power-sharing considered desirable in democracy?
It is desirable because it helps reduce social conflicts (prudential reason) and upholds the democratic principle that people are the source of all power (moral reason).
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