Class 10 Social Science - BIHAR
History: The Age of Industrialisation
The chapter 'The Age of Industrialisation' in Class 10 Social Science explores the global history of industrial growth before and after the factory system. Bihar (BSEB) students will learn about proto-industrialisation, the dominance of Indian textiles in world markets, the advent of machine-made goods from Britain, and how Indian industries emerged despite colonial constraints. It highlights the role of Indian entrepreneurs, the lives of workers, and the impact of advertising. This chapter is very important for board exams as it tests both conceptual understanding and historical timelines through objective and subjective questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Proto-Industrialisation
A phase of industrialisation before factories began, where large-scale industrial production for an international market took place in the countryside with the help of peasant and artisan networks.
Carding
A process in which fibres, such as cotton or wool, are prepared prior to spinning.
Fly Shuttle
A mechanical device used for weaving, operated by ropes and pullies, which speeded up the weaving process and increased the demand for yarn.
Gomasthas
Paid servants appointed by the British East India Company to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth.
Spinning Jenny
A machine invented by James Hargreaves in 1764 that sped up the spinning process and reduced labor time, enabling one worker to spin multiple spindles at once.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Bihar (BSEB) Class 10 Social Science board examination, this chapter typically carries 4 to 6 marks. Questions usually include objective (Multiple Choice Questions), short answer type questions about Indian weavers and Manchester imports, and occasionally long answer questions on the impact of industrialisation on workers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did Manchester goods flood the Indian markets?
Manchester goods flooded India because British cotton industries were mechanised, producing cheap cloth rapidly, and the British government imposed high import duties on Indian textiles while letting British goods enter India duty-free.
What role did Gomasthas play in controlling Indian weavers?
Gomasthas were paid agents of the East India Company who replaced native brokers. They acted directly to supervise weavers, check cloth quality, and ensure weavers did not sell to other buyers by using advances and coercive methods.
How did industrialisation affect the lives of workers?
Industrialisation created job shortages, made workers dependent on factory jobs with long working hours and low wages, and forced many to live in poor urban tenements.
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