Class 10 Science - ODISHA
Acids, Bases and Salts
The Class 10 Science chapter 'Acids, Bases and Salts' for Odisha BSE students explores the chemical properties of substances around us. You will learn how acids and bases react with metals, non-metallic oxides, and each other, leading to neutralization. The chapter delves into the pH scale to measure acidity and alkalinity, and examines important industrial compounds like sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda, and plaster of Paris. This chapter is extremely important for board exams as it forms the foundation of inorganic chemistry and frequently features in both objective and long-answer questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Indicators
Substances that change color in acidic or basic solutions to show their presence, such as litmus, methyl orange, and phenolphthalein.
Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
Acids react with metals to release hydrogen gas, while bases react with certain metals like zinc to form salt and hydrogen gas.
Neutralization Reaction
The reaction between an acid and a base to give salt and water, which neutralizes the effects of both.
The pH Scale
A numerical scale ranging from 0 to 14 used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, where 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, and more than 7 is basic.
Chlor-alkali Process
The electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) that produces sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Odisha BSE Class 10 Science examination, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include multiple-choice questions (MCQs), chemical equations for preparing salts, reasons for everyday phenomena like tooth decay or acid rain, and short descriptive questions.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does a dry HCl gas not change the color of dry litmus paper?
Dry HCl gas does not produce hydrogen ions (H+) in the absence of water, and acidity is only shown in the presence of water.
What is water of crystallization?
It is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt, such as 10 water molecules in washing soda.
Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?
Curd and sour substances contain acids which react with brass and copper metals to form toxic soluble salts that can cause food poisoning.
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