Class 10 Science - HARYANA
Control and Coordination
The chapter 'Control and Coordination' in Class 10 Science explores how living organisms maintain homeostasis and respond to external stimuli. For students under the Haryana Board (BSEH), this chapter is crucial as it covers the nervous system, reflex actions, human brain structure, and plant movements (tropisms). You will also learn about the endocrine system and how hormones regulate various bodily functions in animals and plants. Mastering this chapter helps you score high marks in board exams through direct theoretical questions, diagram-based questions on the human brain and neuron, and conceptual queries about reflex arcs and plant hormones.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Nervous System and Neuron
The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting electrical impulses across the body.
Reflex Action and Reflex Arc
A reflex action is a rapid, automatic, and involuntary response to a stimulus, controlled mainly by the spinal cord to prevent injury.
Human Brain
The brain is the main coordinating center of the body, divided into the forebrain (thinking and voluntary actions), midbrain, and hindbrain (involuntary actions like heartbeat and posture).
Plant Movements and Tropism
Plants respond to stimuli through directional movements called tropisms, such as phototropism (response to light) and geotropism (response to gravity).
Endocrine System and Hormones
Chemical coordination in animals occurs via hormones secreted by endocrine glands directly into the blood, regulating growth, metabolism, and development.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Haryana (BSEH) Class 10 Science board exams, 'Control and Coordination' typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Common question types include 1-mark objective questions, 2-mark short answers (such as functions of plant hormones or parts of the brain), and 3-mark diagram-based or descriptive questions about the reflex arc and human nervous system.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
A reflex action is an involuntary, rapid response controlled by the spinal cord without conscious thought, whereas walking is a voluntary action controlled by the cerebrum of the brain.
Why is chemical coordination needed in plants if they lack a nervous system?
Plants lack a nervous system and muscle tissue, so they use plant hormones (phytohormones) to slowly coordinate growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli like light and gravity.
What is the function of insulin in the human body?
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage.
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