Class 9 Social Science - MAHARASHTRA
Working of Institutions
The chapter 'Working of Institutions' in Class 9 Social Science explores how the government functions in a democracy. It highlights that a democratic government does not rule arbitrarily; rather, it works through a system of major institutions. Students learn about the pivotal roles played by the Parliament, the Executive, and the Judiciary in making, implementing, and interpreting laws. Understanding these institutions is crucial for board exams as it forms the foundation of Indian civics and helps students grasp how citizen rights are protected and how executive power is checked.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Parliament
The supreme law-making body of India consisting of the President and two houses: Lok Sabha (Lower House) and Rajya Sabha (Upper House).
Political Executive
The elected representatives, including the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, who take major policy decisions and run the government.
Permanent Executive
Civil servants and bureaucrats who are appointed on a long-term basis to assist the political executive in day-to-day administration.
Judiciary
An independent system of courts, including the Supreme Court and High Courts, that resolves disputes and ensures laws comply with the Constitution.
Coalition Government
A government formed by an alliance of two or more political parties when no single party secures a clear majority in the elections.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Maharashtra State Board (MSBSHSE) Class 9 Social Science (Political Science) board exams, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Common question types include distinguishing between political and permanent executives, short notes on the functions of Parliament, and objective questions like fill-in-the-blanks or true/false.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between political and permanent executives?
Political executives are elected by the people for a fixed term and take major policy decisions, whereas permanent executives are qualified civil servants appointed on a long-term basis to execute daily administration.
Why is the judiciary called independent?
The judiciary is independent because the legislature and executive cannot interfere in its decisions, and judges cannot be easily removed, ensuring fair justice for all citizens.
Why do we need political institutions?
Institutions are needed to conduct governmental tasks, take crucial policy decisions, implement them, and resolve disputes peacefully, preventing the misuse of power in a democracy.
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