Class 7 Social Science - CBSE
Geography: India and Her Neighbours
This chapter explores India's unique geographical position in Asia and its relationships with its immediate neighbours. Class 7 students will learn about India's vast latitudinal and longitudinal extent, its peninsular shape, and the physical features that divide it from other nations. We examine the seven countries sharing land borders with India, island neighbours like Sri Lanka and Maldives, and the strategic importance of the Indian Ocean. Understanding this chapter is crucial for CBSE exams as it builds foundational map-reading skills, spatial awareness, and geopolitical knowledge of the Indian subcontinent.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Location and Extent
India is located entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres, extending roughly between 8°4'N and 37°6'N latitudes, and 68°7'E and 97°25'E longitudes.
Land Frontiers
India shares its land boundaries with seven countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.
Water Boundaries and Island Neighbours
Across the sea to the south, India is separated from its island neighbours Sri Lanka (by the Palk Strait) and the Maldives.
Political Divisions
For administrative convenience, India is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories, with New Delhi as the national capital.
Physical Diversity
India features diverse physical landforms including the mighty Himalayas in the north, the Northern Plains, the Great Indian Desert, the Deccan Plateau, and coastal plains.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In CBSE Class 7 Social Science, this chapter typically carries around 5 to 8 marks. Questions commonly include map-pointing (identifying neighbours, states, or physical features), short answer questions about bordering nations, and differentiating between island and land neighbours.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which countries share a land border with India?
India shares its land borders with Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.
What separates India from Sri Lanka?
India is separated from Sri Lanka by a narrow channel of sea known as the Palk Strait.
Why is India's location in the Indian Ocean considered advantageous?
It gives India a central position for international trade routes connecting Asia, Africa, and Europe, as well as easy maritime access to various global markets.
Learn Geography: India and Her Neighbours with Your AI Tutor
10 different ways to study this chapter. Free for 3 chapters per day.
Lecture
Key Points
Interactive
Quiz
Flashcards