Class 6 Social Science - BIHAR
History: The Beginnings of Indian Civilisation
This chapter introduces students to the fascinating origins of Indian civilisation, focusing on the Indus Valley Civilisation (Harappan Civilisation). Students will explore how early humans settled near rivers like the Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra, leading to the growth of well-planned urban centres such as Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The chapter highlights advanced features of ancient Indian town planning, including grid systems, drainage, and brick houses. It also discusses trade, crafts, daily life, and the mysterious decline of these ancient cities. Understanding this chapter is crucial for Bihar Board exams as it lays the foundation for ancient Indian history.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Indus Valley Civilisation
One of the world's oldest urban civilisations that flourished along the Indus River basin around 2500 BCE.
Town Planning
Harappan cities were divided into a citadel (raised western part) and a lower town, built on a strict grid pattern with baked bricks.
Great Bath
A large, waterproof tank found in Mohenjodaro, likely used for special ritual baths by the people.
Drainage System
An advanced underground covered drainage system connected houses to street drains, showing great concern for public health and hygiene.
Seals and Trade
Steatite seals featuring animal motifs and undeciphered script were used for trade, which extended up to Mesopotamia.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In Bihar Board Class 6 Social Science examinations, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include objective (multiple-choice), short-answer questions about town planning and features of Harappan cities, and map-based questions locating sites like Harappa, Mohenjodaro, and Lothal.
Frequently Asked Questions
Early civilisations developed near rivers because rivers provided a reliable water supply for drinking and agriculture, made the surrounding soil fertile, and served as easy routes for transport and trade.
Rivers provided water for drinking and farming, fertile soil for crops, and easy transport for trade.
What were the main features of Harappan houses?
Harappan houses were made of baked bricks, usually had one or two storeys, rooms built around a courtyard, and separate bathrooms.
How did the Indus Valley Civilisation end?
Historians are not entirely sure, but theories suggest climate change, drying up of rivers, floods, deforestation, or foreign invasions led to its decline.
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