Class 5 Maths - ICSE
Factors and Multiples
The chapter Factors and Multiples is a foundational building block in Class 5 ICSE Mathematics, essential for mastering fractions, decimals, and advanced arithmetic in higher classes. Students will explore divisibility rules to quickly check if a number can be divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10 without actual division. The chapter covers finding factors and multiples, identifying prime and composite numbers, and calculating Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) using prime factorization and division methods. Mastering these concepts ensures strong analytical skills, frequently appearing in board-aligned school assessments.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Factors
A factor is an exact divisor of a number that divides it completely without leaving any remainder.
Multiples
A multiple is a number obtained by multiplying a given number by any whole number.
Prime and Composite Numbers
Prime numbers have only two factors (1 and the number itself), whereas composite numbers have more than two factors.
HCF (Highest Common Factor)
The greatest number that is a common factor of two or more given numbers.
LCM (Lowest Common Multiple)
The smallest non-zero number that is a common multiple of two or more given numbers.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In ICSE Class 5 examinations, this chapter typically carries 8 to 12 marks. Common question types include finding all factors of a number, writing the first few multiples, checking divisibility without division, finding HCF and LCM using prime factorization or division methods, and word problems based on LCM and HCF.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 1 a prime number?
No, 1 is neither a prime nor a composite number because it has only one factor (itself).
What is the difference between a factor and a multiple?
A factor is an exact divisor of a number and is always less than or equal to the number. A multiple is obtained by multiplying the number and is always greater than or equal to the number.
How can I easily remember divisibility rules?
Practice them regularly! For example, check the last digit for 2, 5, and 10, and add up the digits for 3 and 9.
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