Class 5 Evs - ICSE-SCIENCE
Food and Health - Nutrients, Deficiency Diseases, Preservation
This chapter explores the vital relationship between food, health, and our well-being in the ICSE Science curriculum. Students learn about the five major nutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals—along with roughage and water that make up a balanced diet. The chapter also covers various deficiency diseases caused by the lack of specific nutrients and teaches scientific methods of food preservation to prevent spoilage. Mastering this chapter is crucial for board exams as it bridges fundamental biological science with everyday life practices, frequently appearing in both objective and descriptive question formats.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Nutrients
The useful chemical substances present in our food that give us energy, help us grow, and protect us from diseases.
Balanced Diet
A meal that contains all the essential nutrients in the right amounts, along with enough water and roughage, to keep our body healthy.
Deficiency Diseases
Diseases that occur in the body due to the lack of one or more essential nutrients in our diet over a long period of time.
Food Preservation
The process of treating and handling food to stop or greatly slow down spoilage caused by microorganisms, keeping it safe to eat for a longer time.
Roughage
The fibrous plant matter in food that cannot be digested, which helps our digestive system to push out waste smoothly.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In ICSE Science exams, this chapter typically carries about 6 to 10 marks. Common question types include defining key terms, filling in the blanks regarding deficiency diseases and their symptoms (like Beriberi, Scurvy, Rickets), matching nutrients to their sources, and explaining methods of food preservation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is roughage important even though it provides no nutrients?
Roughage or dietary fiber adds bulk to our food and helps our digestive system clear out waste easily, preventing constipation.
What is the difference between deficiency diseases and infectious diseases?
Deficiency diseases are caused by a lack of nutrients in our diet and do not spread from one person to another, whereas infectious diseases are caused by germs and can spread.
How does refrigeration help in preserving food?
Low temperatures inside a refrigerator slow down the growth and multiplication of germs and bacteria, preventing the food from spoiling quickly.
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