Class 12 Sociology - CBSE
Globalisation and Social Change
The chapter 'Globalisation and Social Change' in Class 12 CBSE Sociology explores how the interconnectedness of world economies, cultures, and societies impacts India. It delves into the historical context of globalisation, distinguishing between its pre-modern and modern phases. Students examine the economic dimensions, focusing on liberalisation and privatization, as well as the profound cultural and social transformations, including the rise of consumer culture and homogenization vs. glocalisation. The chapter is crucial for board exams as it bridges macro-level economic theory with micro-level everyday experiences, frequently featuring in both direct conceptual questions and application-based case studies.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Globalisation
The increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies, cultures, policies, and people across the world.
Liberalisation
The process of relaxing government rules and regulations, usually to open up the economy to private and foreign players.
Commoditisation
The transformation of goods, services, ideas, and even human beings into commodities that can be bought and sold in a market.
Glocalisation
A process where global commodities and ideas are adapted to suit local cultural contexts and preferences.
Cultural Homogenisation
The process whereby local cultures are eroded and replaced by a uniform global culture, often driven by Western influence.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the CBSE Class 12 Sociology board exam, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include a mix of 1-mark objective questions, 2-mark short answers, and 4 or 6-mark analytical questions focusing on the social and cultural impacts of globalisation on India.
Frequently Asked Questions
Westernisation refers specifically to the adoption of Western (European/American) lifestyles, values, and technology, whereas globalisation is a multi-directional global process of interconnectedness involving influences from all over the world.
Westernisation refers specifically to the adoption of Western (European/American) lifestyles, values, and technology, whereas globalisation is a multi-directional global process of interconnectedness involving influences from all parts of the world.
How did the 1991 economic policy change Indian society?
The 1991 New Economic Policy introduced Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation (LPG), which led to increased foreign investment, the rise of the IT sector, new consumer choices, urban migration, and changing employment patterns especially for women.
Is cultural homogenisation the only outcome of globalisation?
No. While cultural homogenisation leads to a uniform global culture, globalisation also leads to cultural heterogenisation and 'glocalisation', where local cultures actively absorb, resist, or blend global elements with local traditions.
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