Class 12 Psychology - BIHAR
Psychological Disorders
The chapter Psychological Disorders in Class 12 Psychology under the Bihar Board (BSEB) syllabus introduces students to the scientific study of abnormal behavior, mental distress, and psychiatric illnesses. It covers the historical background of psychological disorders, criteria for abnormality like the 'Four Ds' (Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, and Danger), and classifications using the DSM and ICD manuals. Students learn about various major disorder categories including anxiety, somatoform, dissociative, mood, and schizophrenic disorders. Understanding this chapter is crucial for board exams as it carries significant weightage in both objective and subjective sections, forming the foundation of clinical psychology.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Abnormality and the Four Ds
Behavior is considered abnormal when it exhibits deviance from social norms, causes personal distress, impairs daily functioning (dysfunction), or poses a danger to self or others.
Anxiety Disorders
A group of disorders characterized by chronic, excessive apprehension and fear, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and various phobias.
Schizophrenia
A severe psychotic disorder involving major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior, often characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech.
Mood Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by severe disturbances in emotion, ranging from extreme depression to extreme mania, such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders
Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms without organic cause, while dissociative disorders involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Bihar Board (BSEB) Class 12 Psychology examinations, this chapter typically carries around 8 to 12 marks. Questions commonly include Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), short-answer type questions defining specific disorders, and long-answer questions explaining the classification and symptoms of major psychological disorders like schizophrenia and anxiety.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between normal and abnormal behavior?
Normal behavior aligns with societal norms and allows functional living, whereas abnormal behavior significantly deviates, causes distress, impairs daily functioning, or is dangerous.
Are delusions and hallucinations the same thing?
No. Delusions are false, unshakeable beliefs not based in reality, while hallucinations are false sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices when no one is speaking.
Which classification systems are most important for this chapter?
The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) published by the APA and the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) published by the WHO are the primary manuals used to classify psychological disorders.
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