Class 12 Political Science - TAMILNADU
International Organisations
The chapter 'International Organisations' in Class 12 Political Science under the Tamil Nadu Samacheer Kalvi syllabus explores the evolution, structure, and functioning of global bodies like the United Nations and its specialized agencies. Students learn about the necessity of international cooperation in maintaining world peace, addressing global crises, and promoting human rights. The chapter also critically evaluates the role of the UN in a changing unipolar and multipolar world, emphasizing reforms needed in the Security Council. Mastering this chapter is crucial for board exams as it tests both factual knowledge of international bodies and analytical skills regarding global politics.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
League of Nations
Established in 1920 after World War I to prevent future conflicts, but it ultimately failed due to the lack of enforcement powers and the absence of major global powers.
United Nations Organization (UN)
Founded on October 24, 1945, to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, and achieve international cooperation.
Principal Organs of the UN
The six core bodies of the UN comprising the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat.
Veto Power
The special voting power held by the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (USA, UK, France, Russia, and China) to block any substantive resolution.
Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch
Prominent international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) that campaign for human rights protection globally and report on abuses.
UN Specialized Agencies
Autonomous organizations working with the UN, such as WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF, and ILO, addressing specific socio-economic and cultural global issues.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Tamil Nadu (Samacheer Kalvi) Class 12 Political Science board examination, this chapter typically carries around 8 to 12 marks. Questions frequently appear as 1-mark objective questions (choose the correct answer, match the following), 2-mark and 3-mark short answers (such as organs of the UN or specialized agencies), and 5-mark detailed essays on the need for UN reforms or India's role in the United Nations.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why was the League of Nations replaced by the United Nations?
The League of Nations was replaced because it failed to prevent World War II, lacked military enforcement power, and did not have the membership of powerful nations like the United States.
What are the five permanent members of the UN Security Council?
The five permanent members (P5) are the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China.
Why is reforming the UN Security Council demanded by countries like India?
India and other developing nations demand reforms because the current structure reflects the power dynamics of 1945 post-World War II and does not represent contemporary geopolitical realities, lacking adequate representation from Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
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