Class 12 Political Science - PUNJAB
International Organisations
The chapter 'International Organisations' in Class 12 Political Science for the PSEB syllabus explores the evolution, structure, and functioning of global bodies, primarily the United Nations (UN). Students learn about the need for international organizations to maintain world peace, resolve conflicts peacefully, and foster global cooperation on socio-economic issues. The chapter covers the organs of the UN, specialized agencies like WHO, UNESCO, and UNICEF, and debates surrounding the reform of the UN Security Council to reflect contemporary global realities. This is a high-scoring and conceptually vital chapter for board exams.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
United Nations (UN)
An international organization founded in 1945 after World War II, aimed at maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, and promoting social progress.
UN Security Council (UNSC)
The primary organ of the UN responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, consisting of 15 members, including 5 permanent members with veto power.
Veto Power
The special voting power held by the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (US, UK, France, Russia, and China) to block any substantive resolution.
Amnesty International
An influential global non-governmental organization (NGO) that campaigns globally for the protection of human rights.
Specialized Agencies of the UN
Autonomous organizations working with the UN, such as WHO (health), UNICEF (children), and UNESCO (education and culture), to address specific global challenges.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Punjab School Education Board (PSEB) Class 12 Political Science exam, this chapter usually carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions frequently include 1-mark objective/fill-in-the-blanks, 2-mark short questions (e.g., permanent members of the UNSC), and 4 or 6-mark long questions focusing on the need for UN reforms or the role of international organizations in a unipolar world.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council?
The five permanent members are the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, and China.
Why is there a demand for the reform of the UN Security Council?
The demand arises because the current structure reflects the power dynamics of 1945 post-WWII era and lacks representation from developing continents like Africa and Latin America.
What is the primary role of the UN General Assembly?
The General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN where all member states have equal representation.
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