Class 12 Political Science - MAHARASHTRA
Security in the Contemporary World
The chapter 'Security in the Contemporary World' explores the evolving concept of security in international relations for Class 12 Maharashtra Board students. It moves beyond traditional military threats—such as war and territorial invasion—to examine non-traditional security notions like human security, poverty, epidemics, global terrorism, and environmental degradation. Understanding these dimensions is crucial for board exams as it helps analyze how sovereign states and global organizations cooperate to safeguard human existence and state integrity in an interconnected world.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Traditional Notion of Security
Focuses on threats to state security from external military forces, where the primary concern is national security, war deterrence, defense, and the balance of power.
Non-Traditional Notion of Security
Expands the security agenda beyond military threats to include human rights, poverty, health epidemics, economic instability, and climate change.
Global Terrorism
A transnational non-traditional security threat involving politically motivated violence directed against civilian populations to create mass fear and coerce governments.
Human Security
A people-centric approach to security that prioritizes the protection of individuals from widespread threats like hunger, disease, crime, and oppression.
Cooperative Security
An approach emphasizing international cooperation, diplomacy, and collective action among nations to address global threats that no single country can solve alone.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Maharashtra (MSBSHSE) Class 12 Political Science board exam, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks including options. Common question types include distinguishing between traditional and non-traditional security, explaining the concept of human security, writing short notes on global terrorism, and answering objective-type questions like 'fill in the blanks' or 'state whether true or false'.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between traditional and non-traditional security?
Traditional security deals primarily with external military threats to a nation's territory and sovereignty, whereas non-traditional security deals with wider threats to human survival and well-being, such as poverty, diseases, terrorism, and environmental disasters.
Why is terrorism considered a non-traditional security threat?
Terrorism is considered non-traditional because it often involves non-state actors operating across international borders rather than conventional armies fighting state-to-state wars, targeting civilians to create global panic.
What does 'Human Security' mean in international politics?
Human security shifts the focus of protection from the state to the individual, emphasizing 'freedom from want' and 'freedom from fear' against threats like disease, economic deprivation, and human rights violations.
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