Class 12 Chemistry - BIHAR
Biomolecules
The chapter 'Biomolecules' in Class 12 Chemistry explores the complex organic molecules that form the basis of life, specifically tailored for Bihar Board (BSEB) students. It covers carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and lipids. You will learn about the classification of carbohydrates, the peptide linkage in proteins, the structure of DNA and RNA, and the biological importance of vitamins. This is a high-scoring chapter in BSEB board exams, frequently featuring direct questions on structures, classifications, and biochemical differences, making a strong grasp of definitions and structural units essential for securing top marks.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Carbohydrates
Optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides based on hydrolysis behavior.
Proteins and Peptide Linkage
Polymers of alpha-amino acids linked together by peptide bonds (-CO-NH-), crucial for growth and repair, with primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)
Biomolecules responsible for heredity and protein synthesis, consisting of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
Vitamins
Organic compounds required in small amounts for normal health and growth, divided into fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B-complex, C) vitamins.
Enzymes
Biocatalysts composed of globular proteins that speed up biochemical reactions in living cells with high specificity and efficiency.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Bihar Board (BSEB) Class 12 Chemistry exam, Biomolecules typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions usually include 1-2 objective (MCQ) questions, short-answer questions (worth 2 marks) on glycosidic linkages, peptide bonds, or vitamin deficiencies, and occasionally a short differentiation question between DNA and RNA.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucose?
They are anomers differing in the orientation of the -OH group at C-1.
Why are vitamin C and vitamin B complex stored in the body?
They cannot be stored in the body because they are water-soluble and excreted through urine.
What is denaturation of proteins?
It is the loss of 3D structure and biological activity of a protein due to heat, pH change, or chemicals.
Learn Biomolecules with Your AI Tutor
10 different ways to study this chapter. Free for 3 chapters per day.
Lecture
Key Points
Interactive
Quiz
Flashcards