Class 11 Political Science - MP
Federalism
The chapter 'Federalism' in Class 11 Political Science explores the constitutional system of power-sharing between the central government and regional governments in India. Students learn about the division of powers, the federal features of the Indian Constitution, the role of the judiciary, and why India is described as a 'quasi-federal' state or a 'Union of States'. For MPBSE board exams, this chapter is crucial as it tests students' understanding of India's governance structure, Centre-State relations, and the importance of decentralization through local bodies like Panchayati Raj, frequently featuring in both objective and long-answer questions.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Federalism
A system of government where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country, usually through a written constitution.
Union List, State List, and Concurrent List
The three legislative lists in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution that distribute subjects of legislation between the Union and State governments.
Asymmetrical Federalism
A special feature of Indian federalism where different states enjoy varying degrees of autonomy and special provisions under the Constitution, such as Article 371.
Role of the Judiciary
The Supreme Court acts as the guardian of the Constitution and an impartial referee to resolve disputes regarding power-sharing between the Centre and the States.
President's Rule (Article 356)
A constitutional provision allowing the Centre to take over the administration of a state in case of the breakdown of constitutional machinery, often a point of debate in Centre-State relations.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the MPBSE Class 11 Political Science board exams, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include objective-type questions (MCQs/fill in the blanks), short-answer questions defining key federal features, and long-answer questions discussing Centre-State relations or the unique features of Indian federalism.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is India called a 'Union of States' instead of a federation?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar explained that 'Union of States' was used to indicate that Indian federalism is not the result of an agreement among states, and states have no right to secede from the federation.
What is the difference between federalism and unitary government?
In a federal government, power is divided between the centre and states with a written constitution. In a unitary government, all powers are concentrated in the hands of the central government.
What are residuary powers and who holds them in India?
Residuary powers are subjects that do not fall under any of the three legislative lists (Union, State, or Concurrent). In India, these powers are vested in the Central Government.
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