Equilibrium

Dynamic Equilibrium

A state in a reversible reaction where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction, and macroscopic properties remain constant.

Law of Chemical Equilibrium

At a constant temperature, the product of molar concentrations of products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients divided by that of reactants is a constant called the equilibrium constant.

Le Chatelier's Principle

If a stress (change in temperature, pressure, or concentration) is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system shifts in a direction that minimizes that stress.

Buffer Solutions

Solutions that resist drastic changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of strong acid or strong base.

Solubility Product (Ksp)

The product of the molar concentrations of ions in a saturated solution of a sparingly soluble salt, each raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient.