Class 11 Biology - GUJARAT
Plant Growth and Development
The chapter Plant Growth and Development in Class 11 Gujarat Board Biology explores the irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts. Students learn about the phases of growth, plant growth regulators like auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid, and the processes of differentiation, dedifferentiation, and redifferentiation. This chapter also covers seed dormancy, photoperiodism, and vernalization. For GSEB board exams, this is a high-scoring unit with frequent questions on plant hormones and their physiological effects, making conceptual clarity of growth curves and physiological processes essential for both theory and practical applications.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Plant Growth
An irreversible, permanent increase in size, volume, or weight of a plant, accompanied by metabolic processes requiring energy.
Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs)
Small, simple molecules of diverse chemical composition that act as plant hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, ABA) to control development.
Differentiation and Dedifferentiation
Differentiation is when cells mature to perform specific functions; dedifferentiation is the reversion of mature cells to meristematic tissue to form new organs.
Photoperiodism
The physiological response of plants to the relative lengths of day and night (light periods) which dictates flowering.
Vernalization
The dependence of certain plants on a low-temperature stimulus for flowering, ensuring they flower at the appropriate time of year.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Gujarat (GSEB) Class 11 Biology board exams, this chapter typically carries around 4 to 6 marks. Questions frequently include short notes on plant growth regulators (PGRs), differences between arithmetic and geometric growth, and MCQs related to functions of specific hormones like gibberellins or ethylene.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between arithmetic and geometric growth?
In arithmetic growth, only one daughter cell continues to divide while the other differentiates, resulting in a linear growth curve. In geometric growth, both daughter cells retain the ability to divide, leading to an exponential growth curve.
Which plant hormone is known as the stress hormone?
Abscisic acid (ABA) is known as the stress hormone because it increases plant tolerance to various kinds of stress, particularly water stress or drought.
What causes apical dominance in plants?
Apical dominance is caused by the presence of auxins in the shoot apex, which inhibit the growth of lateral buds.
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