Class 11 Biology - BIHAR
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The chapter 'Cell Cycle and Cell Division' in Class 11 Biology explores how a single cell divides to form new cells, which is fundamental for growth, repair, and reproduction in living organisms. Bihar Board (BSEB) students will learn about the phases of the cell cycle, including Interphase and M-phase, and differentiate between Mitosis (equational division) and Meiosis (reductional division). Understanding this chapter is crucial as it forms the basis of genetics and cellular biology, frequently appearing in board exams through direct theoretical questions, phase identification diagrams, and numerical problems related to chromosome and DNA numbers during cell division stages.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Cell Cycle
The series of events by which a cell grows, duplicates its genome, and divides into two daughter cells, consisting of Interphase and M-Phase.
Interphase
The resting phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division by undergoing G1 phase (growth), S phase (DNA replication), and G2 phase (protein synthesis).
Mitosis
A type of cell division also known as equational division, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.
Meiosis
A specialized reductional division occurring in germ cells that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four haploid gametes and introducing genetic variation via crossing over.
Crossing Over
The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during the pachytene stage of Meiosis I, leading to genetic recombination.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Bihar Board (BSEB) Class 11 Biology examination, this chapter typically carries around 6 to 8 marks. Questions usually include objective (multiple-choice) questions on specific phases like anaphase or pachytene, short-answer questions differentiating mitosis and meiosis, and long-answer questions requiring a detailed explanation of the cell cycle phases or meiosis stages along with well-labeled diagrams.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis is equational division producing two identical diploid cells for growth and repair, while meiosis is reductional division producing four genetically different haploid cells for sexual reproduction.
Why is interphase called the resting phase?
Despite being called a resting phase, it is actually the most active phase where the cell synthesizes proteins, replicates its DNA, and metabolically prepares for division.
When does crossing over occur during meiosis?
Crossing over occurs during the pachytene stage of Prophase I of Meiosis I between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
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