Class 10 Social Science - UP
History: The Age of Industrialisation
The Chapter 'History: The Age of Industrialisation' for Class 10 UPMSP students explores the fascinating journey of industrial development before and after the factory system. It highlights proto-industrialisation, the dominance of Indian textiles in global markets, the impact of Manchester imports on Indian weavers, and the rise of early Indian factories like those set up by Jamsetji Tata. For UPMSP board exams, this chapter is crucial as it connects global economic history with India's colonial past, frequently featuring questions on the decline of traditional Indian handicrafts and the unique features of early industrial growth.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Proto-Industrialisation
A phase of industrial production before the factory system, where large-scale industrial production for an international market took place in decentralized rural areas.
Gomasthas
Paid servants appointed by the East India Company to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth directly in Indian villages.
Manchester Imports
Machine-made cotton goods imported from Britain (Manchester) into India, which flooded the Indian market, severely undercutting local handloom prices and ruining Indian weavers.
Fly Shuttle
A mechanical device used for weaving that sped up production and allowed weavers to work with wider yarns, widely adopted during the Industrial Revolution.
Industrialisation in India
Early Indian entrepreneurs like Dwarkanath Tagore, Dinshaw Petit, and Jamsetji Tata built industrial empires, though constrained by British colonial trade policies.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the UPMSP Class 10 Social Science board examination, History generally contributes around 20 marks to the total paper. This chapter typically accounts for 3 to 5 marks, featuring objective-type questions, short-answer questions about the decline of Indian weavers, and long-answer questions explaining the impact of the Industrial Revolution on India.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War?
British mills got busy producing war materials, stopping exports to India. This sudden vacuum allowed Indian factories to supply goods for the huge home market.
Who were Gomasthas and how did they affect Indian weavers?
Gomasthas were agents of the East India Company. They exploited weavers by forcing them to sign contracts, offering advance loans, and preventing them from selling to other buyers.
What was the 'Carding' process mentioned in the chapter?
Carding is the step in textile production where cotton or wool fibres are prepared prior to spinning.
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