Class 10 Social Science - ODISHA
Political Science: Political Parties
The chapter 'Political Parties' in Class 10 Political Science under the BSE Odisha curriculum explores the vital role of political parties in a democracy. Students will learn about the necessity of political parties, party systems (one-party, two-party, and multi-party systems with specific focus on India's multi-party setup), and national versus state political parties in India. The chapter also critically examines the challenges faced by political parties, such as lack of internal democracy, dynastic succession, money and muscle power, and the need for meaningful political reforms. This is a high-scoring theoretical chapter crucial for board exams.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Political Party
A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government, sharing some consensus on collective policies and programmes for the society.
Partisan
A person who is strongly committed to a party, group, or faction, often showing a biased or partisan perspective on political issues.
Multi-Party System
A political system where multiple political parties across the political spectrum run for national elections, and all have a similar or differing capacity to gain control of government offices separately or in coalition (e.g., India).
National Parties
Country-wide parties that have their units in various states and generally settle on national level issues, requiring specific criteria like securing at least 6% of total votes in Lok Sabha or Assembly elections in four states.
Defection
Moving from one party alliance or political party to another for personal or political gain, usually discouraged by anti-defection laws.
Affidavit
A signed document submitted to an officer where a person makes a sworn statement regarding their personal property and criminal pending cases before contesting elections.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
This chapter typically carries around 6-8 marks in the Odisha BSE Class 10 Social Science board examination, featuring objective-type questions (MCQs, fill in the blanks), short answer questions, and long descriptive questions regarding challenges and reforms of political parties.
Frequently Asked Questions
National parties operate across the entire country with units in multiple states and focus on national issues, whereas state parties (regional parties) have influence limited to specific states or regions and focus on regional interests.
India has a multi-party system because of its immense social and geographical diversity. No single party could easily absorb all social diversities and vast populations across different states, naturally giving rise to multiple parties.
The four major challenges are lack of internal democracy within parties, dynastic succession, growing reliance on money and muscle power during elections, and lack of meaningful choice for voters.
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