Class 10 Science - MP
Control and Coordination
The chapter 'Control and Coordination' in Class 10 Science explores how living organisms respond to external and internal stimuli to survive. For MPBSE students, this chapter is crucial as it covers the nervous system, reflex actions, human brain structure, and plant movements like phototropism and hydrotropism. It also introduces the endocrine system and plant hormones. Mastering this chapter is essential for scoring high in board exams, as it frequently features conceptual questions, diagrams of the human brain and neuron, and differentiation between nervous and hormonal control.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Nervous System and Neuron
The nervous system consists of specialized cells called neurons that transmit electrical impulses across the body. A neuron has dendrites to receive signals, a cell body, and an axon to pass signals forward.
Reflex Action and Reflex Arc
A reflex action is a sudden, involuntary response to a stimulus to protect the body from harm. The pathway taken by nerve impulses in a reflex action is called a reflex arc, which bypasses the brain for a faster response.
Human Brain
The human brain is the main coordinating center of the body, divided into three main regions: the forebrain (thinking and voluntary actions), midbrain, and hindbrain (controlling involuntary functions like heartbeat and posture).
Plant Hormones (Phytohormones)
Plants do not have a nervous system, so they coordinate using chemical substances called plant hormones. Examples include Auxin (cell growth), Gibberellin (stem elongation), Cytokinin (cell division), and Abscisic acid (wilting of leaves).
Human Endocrine System
The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called hormones secreted by glands directly into the blood to regulate various body functions, growth, and metabolism.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the Madhya Pradesh Board (MPBSE) Class 10 Science examination, this chapter typically carries around 5 to 7 marks. Questions commonly include objective types (fill-in-the-blanks, MCQs), short answer questions on plant movements and reflex arcs, and important 4-mark diagram-based questions on the human brain or structure of a neuron.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
A reflex action is an involuntary, rapid response controlled by the spinal cord without conscious thought. Walking is a voluntary action controlled by the conscious part of the brain.
Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?
Iodine is essential for the thyroid gland to make thyroxine hormone, which regulates carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Deficiency of iodine causes goiter.
How do plants respond to stimuli?
Plants respond to stimuli using chemical signals (hormones) and directional movements (tropisms) like growth toward light (phototropism) or gravity (geotropism).
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