Class 10 Maths - CBSE
Probability
The chapter 'Probability' in Class 10 CBSE Mathematics introduces students to the theoretical approach of measuring uncertainty and chance. Building on the basic empirical probability studied in earlier grades, this chapter focuses on the classical definition of probability, sample spaces, and elementary events. Students learn to calculate the likelihood of simple and compound events using systematic counting techniques. In board exams, this is considered a high-scoring and straightforward chapter. Questions often test basic arithmetic combined with logical reasoning, making it a reliable section to secure full marks with minimal calculation errors.
Start Learning FreeKey Concepts
Random Experiment
An action or process that results in one or several well-defined outcomes, where the exact outcome cannot be predicted beforehand.
Sample Space
The complete set of all possible outcomes of a given random experiment, such as {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} for a standard die.
Elementary Event
An event that has only one single outcome of the experiment. The sum of probabilities of all elementary events of an experiment is always 1.
Complementary Event
The event representing 'not E' (denoted as E'), which occurs if and only if event E does not occur.
Theoretical Probability
The ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to the total number of equally likely outcomes of the experiment.
Important Formulas
Board Exam Info
In the CBSE Class 10 Mathematics board exam, Probability typically carries around 2 to 4 marks. Questions usually include 1-mark objective questions (MCQs or assertion-reasoning) and a 2-mark or 3-mark short answer question based on standard decks of cards, tossing coins, rolling dice, or problems involving defective items.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can the probability of any event be negative or greater than 1?
No, the probability of any event always lies strictly between 0 and 1 (inclusive).
How many face cards are there in a standard deck of 52 playing cards?
There are 12 face cards in total: 4 Kings, 4 Queens, and 4 Jacks.
What is the probability of a sure or certain event?
The probability of a sure event is always 1.
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