CBSE Class 11 Physics All Formulas Chapter Wise With SI Units 2027

In short: CBSE Class 11 Physics has 15 chapters with roughly 150+ formulas. This is the complete chapter-wise list with SI units for every quantity. Class 11 Physics is the foundation for Class 12 boards, JEE Main, and NEET. Every formula here will be used directly or indirectly in your board exam year. Bookmark, print, and revise one chapter per day.

Chapter 1: Units and Measurements

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Dimensional formula	[M^a L^b T^c]	—
Percentage error	(Δa/a) × 100	%
Absolute error	Δa =	a − a_mean
Relative error	Δa/a	Dimensionless
Addition/subtraction error	Δz = Δa + Δb	Absolute errors add
Multiplication/division error	Δz/z = Δa/a + Δb/b	Relative errors add
Power rule error	If z = aᵐbⁿ, then Δz/z = m(Δa/a) + n(Δb/b)	—

Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Average speed	v_avg = total distance / total time	m/s
Average velocity	v⃗_avg = displacement / time	m/s
Instantaneous velocity	v = ds/dt	m/s
Average acceleration	a = (v − u)/t	m/s²
1st equation of motion	v = u + at	m/s
2nd equation of motion	s = ut + ½at²	m
3rd equation of motion	v² = u² + 2as	m²/s²
Distance in nth second	sₙ = u + a(2n−1)/2	m
Free fall	g = 9.8 m/s²; equations same with a = g	m/s²
Relative velocity	v_AB = v_A − v_B	m/s

Chapter 3: Motion in a Plane

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Vector addition	R⃗ = A⃗ + B⃗; R = √(A² + B² + 2AB cosθ)	—
Direction of resultant	tan α = B sinθ/(A + B cosθ)	—
Projectile: time of flight	T = 2u sinθ/g	s
Projectile: maximum height	H = u² sin²θ/(2g)	m
Projectile: range	R = u² sin2θ/g	m
Maximum range	At θ = 45°, R_max = u²/g	m
Centripetal acceleration	a_c = v²/r = ω²r	m/s²
Centripetal force	F_c = mv²/r = mω²r	N
Angular velocity	ω = 2π/T = 2πf = v/r	rad/s
Period and frequency	T = 1/f	s, Hz

Chapter 4: Laws of Motion

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Newton's Second Law	F⃗ = ma⃗	N (kg·m/s²)
Momentum	p⃗ = mv⃗	kg·m/s
Impulse	J = FΔt = Δp	N·s
Newton's Third Law	F₁₂ = −F₂₁	N
Friction (static max)	f_s = μ_s N	N
Friction (kinetic)	f_k = μ_k N	N
Angle of repose	tan θ = μ_s	—
Apparent weight in lift (up)	W' = m(g + a)	N
Apparent weight in lift (down)	W' = m(g − a)	N
Banking of roads	tan θ = v²/(rg)	—
Connected bodies (Atwood machine)	a = (m₁ − m₂)g/(m₁ + m₂); T = 2m₁m₂g/(m₁ + m₂)	m/s², N

Chapter 5: Work, Energy and Power

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Work	W = F⃗·d⃗ = Fd cosθ	J (joule)
Kinetic energy	KE = ½mv²	J
Potential energy (gravitational)	PE = mgh	J
Work-energy theorem	W_net = ΔKE = ½mv² − ½mu²	J
Spring PE	PE = ½kx²	J
Power	P = W/t = F⃗·v⃗	W (watt)
Conservative force	Work done in closed path = 0; PE definable	—
Elastic collision (1D)	v₁ = [(m₁−m₂)u₁ + 2m₂u₂]/(m₁+m₂)	m/s
Coefficient of restitution	e = (v₂−v₁)/(u₁−u₂)	Dimensionless
Inelastic collision	m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = (m₁+m₂)v	Conservation of momentum

Chapter 6: System of Particles and Rotational Motion

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Centre of mass	x_cm = Σmᵢxᵢ / Σmᵢ	m
Torque	τ⃗ = r⃗ × F⃗; τ = rF sinθ	N·m
Angular momentum	L⃗ = r⃗ × p⃗ = Iω	kg·m²/s
Moment of inertia	I = Σmᵢrᵢ²	kg·m²
Parallel axis theorem	I = I_cm + Md²	kg·m²
Perpendicular axis theorem	I_z = I_x + I_y (for planar body)	kg·m²
Newton's 2nd law (rotation)	τ = Iα	N·m
Rotational KE	KE = ½Iω²	J
Rolling (without slipping)	KE = ½mv² + ½Iω²; v = Rω	J

Common MI values:

Body	Axis	I
Ring	Through centre, ⊥ to plane	MR²
Disc	Through centre, ⊥ to plane	½MR²
Solid sphere	Through centre	⅖MR²
Hollow sphere	Through centre	⅔MR²
Rod	Through centre, ⊥ to rod	ML²/12
Rod	Through end, ⊥ to rod	ML²/3

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Chapter 7: Gravitation

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Newton's law of gravitation	F = Gm₁m₂/r²	N
Gravitational constant	G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²	N·m²/kg²
Acceleration due to gravity	g = GM/R²	m/s²
g at height h	g_h = g(1 − 2h/R) for h << R; g_h = g R²/(R+h)² exact	m/s²
g at depth d	g_d = g(1 − d/R)	m/s²
Gravitational PE	U = −GMm/r	J
Escape velocity	v_e = √(2gR) = √(2GM/R)	m/s
Orbital velocity	v_o = √(gR) = √(GM/r)	m/s
Relation	v_e = √2 × v_o	—
Time period of satellite	T = 2π√(r³/GM)	s
Kepler's 3rd law	T² ∝ r³	—
Geostationary satellite	T = 24 hrs, r ≈ 42,000 km from Earth's centre	—

Chapter 8: Mechanical Properties of Solids

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Stress	σ = F/A	Pa (N/m²)
Strain	ε = ΔL/L (longitudinal), ΔV/V (volumetric), tanφ (shear)	Dimensionless
Hooke's Law	Stress = E × Strain (within elastic limit)	—
Young's modulus	Y = (F/A)/(ΔL/L) = FL/(AΔL)	Pa
Bulk modulus	B = −PV/ΔV	Pa
Shear modulus	G = (F/A)/tanφ	Pa
Poisson's ratio	σ = lateral strain / longitudinal strain	Dimensionless
Elastic PE per unit volume	u = ½ × stress × strain	J/m³

Chapter 9: Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Pressure	P = F/A	Pa
Pressure at depth	P = P₀ + ρgh	Pa
Pascal's law	Pressure applied at one point is transmitted undiminished	—
Hydraulic lift	F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂	—
Buoyant force (Archimedes)	F_b = ρ_fluid × V_submerged × g	N
Equation of continuity	A₁v₁ = A₂v₂	m³/s
Bernoulli's equation	P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant	Pa
Torricelli's theorem	v = √(2gh) (speed of efflux)	m/s
Viscous force (Stokes)	F = 6πηrv	N
Terminal velocity	v_t = 2r²(ρ − σ)g/(9η)	m/s
Surface tension	S = F/l	N/m
Excess pressure (bubble in liquid)	ΔP = 2S/r	Pa
Excess pressure (soap bubble)	ΔP = 4S/r (two surfaces)	Pa
Capillary rise	h = 2S cosθ/(ρgr)	m

Chapter 10: Thermal Properties of Matter

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Linear expansion	ΔL = αLΔT	m
Area expansion	ΔA = 2αAΔT = βAΔT	m²
Volume expansion	ΔV = 3αVΔT = γVΔT	m³
Heat transfer	Q = mcΔT (specific heat)	J
Latent heat	Q = mL	J
Conduction	Q/t = KA(T₁−T₂)/d	W
Stefan's law	E = σT⁴ (σ = 5.67 × 10⁻⁸ W/m²K⁴)	W/m²
Wien's displacement law	λ_max × T = b (b = 2.898 × 10⁻³ m·K)	m·K
Newton's law of cooling	dT/dt = −k(T − T₀)	K/s

Chapter 11: Thermodynamics

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
First law	ΔU = Q − W (IUPAC: Q = heat added, W = work done by system)	J
Work done by gas	W = ∫PdV; for isobaric: W = PΔV	J
Isothermal process	W = nRT ln(V₂/V₁); ΔU = 0	J
Adiabatic process	Q = 0; PV^γ = constant; W = (P₁V₁ − P₂V₂)/(γ−1)	J
Isochoric process	W = 0; Q = nCvΔT	J
Isobaric process	W = PΔV = nRΔT; Q = nCpΔT	J
Relation Cp − Cv	Cp − Cv = R	J/(mol·K)
Ratio γ	γ = Cp/Cv	Dimensionless
Carnot efficiency	η = 1 − T₂/T₁	Dimensionless
Refrigerator COP	β = T₂/(T₁ − T₂)	Dimensionless

Chapter 12: Kinetic Theory of Gases

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Pressure from kinetic theory	P = ⅓ρv²_rms = ⅓(mn/V)v²_rms	Pa
KE per molecule	KE = ½mv²_rms = (3/2)kT	J
KE per mole	KE = (3/2)RT	J/mol
RMS speed	v_rms = √(3RT/M) = √(3kT/m)	m/s
Degrees of freedom	f = 3 (monoatomic), 5 (diatomic at room T), 6 (polyatomic non-linear)	—
Energy per degree of freedom	½kT per molecule, ½RT per mole	J
Total energy	U = (f/2)nRT	J
Cv	f R/2	J/(mol·K)
Cp	(f/2 + 1)R	J/(mol·K)
γ values	Monoatomic: 5/3; Diatomic: 7/5; Polyatomic: 4/3	—
Mean free path	λ = 1/(√2 πd²n)	m

Chapter 13: Oscillations

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
SHM displacement	x = A sin(ωt + φ)	m
Velocity in SHM	v = Aω cos(ωt + φ) = ω√(A²−x²)	m/s
Acceleration in SHM	a = −ω²x	m/s²
Time period (general)	T = 2π/ω	s
Spring-mass system	T = 2π√(m/k)	s
Simple pendulum	T = 2π√(l/g)	s
KE in SHM	½mω²(A²−x²)	J
PE in SHM	½mω²x²	J
Total energy	E = ½mω²A² = ½kA²	J
Springs in series	1/k_eff = 1/k₁ + 1/k₂	N/m
Springs in parallel	k_eff = k₁ + k₂	N/m
Damped oscillation	x = Ae^(−bt/2m) sin(ω't + φ)	m

Chapter 14: Waves

Formula	Expression	SI Unit
Wave equation	y = A sin(kx − ωt)	m
Wave speed	v = fλ = ω/k	m/s
Wave number	k = 2π/λ	rad/m
Angular frequency	ω = 2πf = 2π/T	rad/s
Speed on string	v = √(T/μ) (T = tension, μ = mass per unit length)	m/s
Speed of sound	v = √(γP/ρ) = √(γRT/M)	m/s
Standing wave (both ends fixed)	fₙ = nv/(2L); n = 1, 2, 3...	Hz
Standing wave (one end open)	fₙ = nv/(4L); n = 1, 3, 5... (odd harmonics only)	Hz
Beat frequency	f_beat =	f₁ − f₂
Doppler effect	f' = f × (v ± v₀)/(v ∓ vₛ)	Hz

Doppler convention: upper signs when source and observer approach each other; lower signs when they recede.

Revision Schedule

Day	Chapters	Formula Count
1	Ch 1–2: Units + Straight Line Motion	~17
2	Ch 3–4: Plane Motion + Laws of Motion	~21
3	Ch 5–6: Work/Energy + Rotational Motion	~19
4	Ch 7–8: Gravitation + Solids	~20
5	Ch 9–10: Fluids + Thermal	~24
6	Ch 11–12: Thermodynamics + Kinetic Theory	~21
7	Ch 13–14: Oscillations + Waves	~22

For study techniques, see how to study physics numericals without fear.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many formulas are in CBSE Class 11 Physics?

There are approximately 150 important formulas across all 15 chapters. The most formula-dense chapters are Mechanical Properties of Fluids (~14), Motion in a Plane (~10), Gravitation (~12), and Oscillations (~12). Not every formula is equally important — focus on the ones marked in bold above.

Which Class 11 Physics chapters are most important for Class 12 boards?

Laws of Motion, Work-Energy-Power, and Gravitation concepts are directly used in Class 12 Electrostatics and Magnetism. Oscillations and Waves form the base for Class 12 Wave Optics and AC circuits. Thermodynamics carries over to Chemistry as well.

Do I need to know SI units for every formula?

Yes, for board exams and competitive exams. CBSE sometimes asks dimensional analysis questions (1–2 marks). JEE frequently tests dimensional consistency. Writing the correct unit in numerical answers also earns marks.

Is Class 11 Physics harder than Class 12?

Most students find Class 11 harder because it introduces foundational concepts like vectors, rotational motion, and thermodynamics from scratch. Class 12 Physics uses these foundations and feels more structured. Building strong Class 11 fundamentals makes Class 12 significantly easier.

How should I practice these formulas?

Do not just read them. For each formula: (1) write it from memory, (2) solve 3 numericals using it, (3) check what happens when variables change (proportionality analysis). This takes about 10 minutes per formula but locks it in permanently.

Can I use these formulas for JEE Main and NEET?

Yes. Every formula listed here is directly relevant to JEE Main and NEET. JEE may require additional formulas for advanced topics, but the Class 11 NCERT formula set covers 80% of what appears in JEE Main Physics.